Prostatitis is an inflammatory disease of the prostate.It can be infectious or non-infectious in nature.Regardless of the form of the disease, complex treatment of prostatitis is required, including drug and non-drug therapy.
Types of prostatitis and treatment
Because of the development, infectious and non-infectious prostatitis are distinguished.
Infectious disease is caused by the action of pathogenic agents that cause inflammation of the prostate.Depending on the type of pathogen, bacterial or fungal inflammation is distinguished.The disease can be caused both by the action of opportunistic microorganisms, which are always present in a man's body, and by sexually transmitted infections, for example, chlamydia or trichomonas.
The disease develops against the background of reduced immunity.In most cases, this type of prostatitis is caused by opportunistic microorganisms, for example, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, staphylococcus.A healthy body is able to fight infection, but inflammation develops against the background of reduced immunity.
Non-infectious prostatitis is a consequence of a sedentary lifestyle.Its development is caused by congestion in the pelvic organs - disturbed blood circulation, lymph flow or stagnation of prostate secretions.Factors that cause the development of this form of inflammation:
- hypothermia;
- reduced immunity;
- physical inactivity;
- obesity;
- irregular sex life.
Congestive prostatitis is considered to be a disease of office workers.The disease develops against the background of physical inactivity, due to which the metabolism decreases and prostate trophism is disturbed.
A man's sexual life plays an important role in the development of congestive prostatitis.Lack of sexual activity leads to a decrease in prostate tone and stagnation of secretions.This causes swelling of organs and the development of inflammation.At the same time, excessive sexual activity (more than 2-3 sexual acts per day) leads to exhaustion of organs and can cause the development of diseases.
According to the nature of the course, prostatitis is divided into acute and chronic.The acute form is characterized by worsening of specific symptoms, including:
- frequent urge to urinate;
- pain and burning in the urethra;
- bladder spasms;
- pain in the perineum;
- erectile dysfunction.
The process of urination is accompanied by severe pain in the urethra, which is caused by compression of the urethra by an enlarged prostate.
Acute prostatitis can be treated quite successfully with the timely application of adequate drug therapy.In the absence of proper treatment, it becomes chronic.This disease is accompanied by a weakening of a man's sexual function and various disorders of the urinary system.
Chronic prostatitis can be infectious or non-infectious.In both cases, it is characterized by periodic exacerbations, during which the symptoms become acute.Exacerbations of the disease are primarily associated with a decrease in immunity.
An integrated approach to treatment
Before starting treatment, the patient must undergo all examinations to determine the type of inflammatory process and the type of pathogen.To do this, an analysis of prostate secretions, ultrasound and MRI of the organ is performed.
Comprehensive treatment of prostatitis includes:
- drug therapy;
- increasing immunity;
- physiotherapeutic methods;
- dietary therapy;
- lifestyle change.
Drug therapy depends on the form of the disease.For infectious inflammation, the main line of treatment is antibacterial drugs.Their selection is based on the results of the prostate analysis.
For non-infectious prostatitis in the acute phase, anti-inflammatory drugs are used for symptomatic treatment.The main part of the therapy is carried out with drugs that normalize the functionality of the organs.
Complex treatment of prostatitis necessarily includes taking drugs to improve immunity.These can be either local agents (rectal suppositories) or immunomodulators in tablets.Medicines are selected exclusively by the doctor.
For bacterial prostatitis, the basis of treatment is the fight against infection;for stagnant prostatitis, it is an improvement in the functionality of the gland.
Antibacterial therapy
Comprehensive treatment of prostatitis begins with medications to relieve symptoms, which normalize prostate function and improve well-being.For infectious prostatitis, the basis of therapy is antibiotics.
The following groups of drugs are used for treatment:
- penicillins;
- tetracyclines;
- macrolides;
- fluoroquinolones.
Penicillins and tetracyclines are rarely used in urological practice due to low treatment efficiency and a large number of side effects.Pathogenic microorganisms that cause the inflammatory process quickly develop resistance to the action of drugs of this group, which negatively affects the therapeutic effect of drugs.
However, a fairly good result is achieved by taking combined drugs.
In most cases, macrolide drugs are prescribed.Their advantages lie in a wide spectrum of action, good tolerability of organisms and high bioavailability, due to which the components of the drug penetrate the prostate tissue.
Recently, doctors increasingly prefer drugs from the fluoroquinolone group.They are broad-spectrum antimicrobials that have a number of advantages over conventional antibiotics.
Since fluoroquinolones, unlike antibiotics, are completely synthetic drugs that have no natural analogues, treatment with these drugs is more effective due to the lack of development of resistance in pathogens.
Fluoroquinolones quickly penetrate the prostate tissue, the body tolerates them well and rarely cause side effects.Most often, doctors prescribe drugs containing levofloxacin.Therapy lasts at least 28 days, the drug is taken in 1-2 tablets.The doctor selects the exact dose and dosing regimen individually.In some cases, intramuscular administration of the drug may be prescribed, in which case the course of treatment is reduced.
Anti-inflammatory drugs
Anti-inflammatory drugs are used for the complex treatment of chronic prostatitis of a non-infectious nature.
Such drugs have a symptomatic effect, removing pain and stopping the inflammatory process.It is recommended to prescribe anti-inflammatory drugs in suppositories - thanks to this form of release, the active substance enters directly into the prostate tissue.
For infectious inflammation, anti-inflammatory drugs are prescribed in short courses to relieve symptoms, but for non-infectious prostatitis, they are the main line of treatment, because antibiotics are not used for this form of the disease.
For the treatment of congestive prostatitis, bioactive drugs are often used to normalize the functionality of the prostate.
As a rule, these are preparations based on extracts from the prostate of young bulls.The drug improves prostate trophism, relieves inflammation and reduces swelling.For non-infectious prostatitis, it is used during a long course to treat inflammation.In case of bacterial prostatitis, this drug is indicated for restoring the functioning of the organ after antibiotic therapy.
Suppositories with propolis and bee products, ichthyol or pumpkin oil are often prescribed for congestive prostatitis.Such drugs aim to normalize prostate trophism, have an anti-inflammatory effect and increase local immunity.
Medicines to strengthen immunity
During the complex treatment of prostatitis, the prostate is exposed to various drugs.In order to avoid the redevelopment of the disease after treatment, a set of measures to increase immunity is indicated.
For this purpose, the following is prescribed:
- preparations with zinc;
- tablets with echinacea extract;
- vitamin complex;
- vitamin E.
Zinc, selenium and vitamin E are necessary for the normal functioning of the prostate. Urologists often prescribe bioactive food supplements with a high content of these substances.
It is also recommended to take a course of vitamins designed specifically for men.Such drugs contain a complex of substances aimed at normalizing the work of the genitourinary system.
To reduce the risk of exacerbations and recovery after antibacterial therapy, injections of echinacea extract are prescribed, but this drug is no less effective in tablet form.
With chronic prostatitis, it is necessary to take a vitamin complex twice a year in order to reduce the risk of worsening.
Physiotherapy and massage
Physiotherapy is prescribed for chronic prostatitis to remove congestion.Acupuncture, current and magnetic methods of influence, darsonvalization are usually used.For bacterial inflammation, such methods are not used, because they can cause the spread of pathogenic agents through the body through the bloodstream.
If prostate trophism is disturbed, rectal massage is indicated.Such procedures are carried out by a qualified specialist - a urologist or a proctologist.The massage course ranges from 10 to 15 procedures.
Physiotherapy stimulates blood circulation in the pelvic organs, eliminates lymph stagnation and normalizes the outflow of prostate secretions.The course of procedures allows you to restore the normal functioning of organs and has a positive effect on potency.
Surgical treatment
Surgical treatment of prostatitis is carried out only in case of complications.
With infectious prostatitis, it is possible to form a prostate abscess.This requires immediate hospitalization of the patient and manipulation, during which the abscess is opened and its contents are removed.
With chronic prostatitis, narrowing of the urethra is possible, which leads to acute retention of urine.In this case, surgery is performed and a catheter is inserted to remove urine.In addition, in severe cases of the disease, fibrosis can develop, due to which scars appear on the prostate tissue.In this case, an operation is performed during which the areas of compaction are removed with a laser.
Lifestyle and diet
Comprehensive treatment of prostatitis includes changing lifestyle, normalizing diet and giving up bad habits.The diet for prostate inflammation is not strict, but excludes any fast food, semi-finished products and smoked food.Alcohol and smoking must be avoided.
You should include foods that are good for men's health in your diet:
- avocado;
- pumpkin oil and olives;
- nuts and honey;
- citrus fruits;
- pumpkin seeds;
- fermented milk products.
If you have congestive prostatitis, you should exercise regularly.Physical activity should be aimed at normalizing blood circulation in the lower part of the body.
An important role is played by the patient's sex life.If you have prostatitis, you need regular sex, at least 3 times a week.At the same time, excessive sexual activity is unacceptable, as it exhausts the prostate.
Otherwise, adequate drug therapy, proper nutrition and giving up bad habits will help you get rid of prostatitis.However, after inflammation, a man is recommended to visit a urologist annually and undergo a comprehensive prostate examination.